Nā ʻano a me nā waiwai kino o nā refractory maʻamau

1. He aha ka refractory?

ʻO nā mea refractory maʻamau e pili ana i nā mea non-metallic inorganic me ke kūpaʻa ahi ʻoi aku ma mua o 1580 ℃.Loaʻa iā ia nā ores kūlohelohe a me nā huahana like ʻole i hana ʻia ma o kekahi mau kaʻina e like me nā koi kumu.Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau waiwai mechanical wela a me ka paʻa leo maikaʻi.He mea pono ia no nā ʻano mea hana wela kiʻekiʻe.Loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea o nā hoʻohana.

2、 Nā ʻano refractory

1. ʻO nā refractory acid ka mea maʻamau i nā refractory me ka SiO2 maʻiʻo ma mua o 93%.ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona nui, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka slag acid i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, akā maʻalahi ka pane ʻana me ka slag alkaline.Hoʻohana mau ʻia nā pōhaku silica a me nā pōhaku lepo e like me ka refractory acid.ʻO ka silica brick kahi huahana siliceous i loaʻa ma mua o 93% silicon oxide.ʻO nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia me ka silica a me ka ʻōpala silica brick.He kūpaʻa ikaika kona i ka erosion slag acid, ka wela hoʻoluʻu haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, a ʻaʻole e emi a hoʻonui iki paha ma hope o ka calcination pinepine;Eia nō naʻe, maʻalahi ke hoʻopau ʻia e ka alkaline slag a ʻaʻohe maikaʻi o ka haʻalulu wela.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka silica brick i ka umu coke, ka umu aniani, ka umu hao ʻakika a me nā mea wela ʻē aʻe.Lawe ka pālolo pālolo i ka pālolo refractory ma ke ʻano he kumu nui a loaʻa iā 30% ~ 46% alumina.He refractory ʻakika nāwaliwali ia me ke kūpaʻa haʻalulu wela maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion i ka slag acidic.Hoʻohana nui ia.

2. ʻO nā refractory alkaline e pili ana i nā refractory me ka magnesium oxide a i ʻole magnesium oxide a me ka calcium oxide ka mea nui.Loaʻa i kēia mau refractoriness kiʻekiʻe ka refractoriness a ikaika ikaika i ka alkaline slag.No ka laʻana, magnesia brick, magnesia chrome brick, chrome magnesia brick, magnesia alumini brick, dolomite brick, forsterite brick, etc. Ua hoʻohana nuiʻia i loko o ka umu ahi hana alkaline, non-ferrous metala hoʻoheheʻe i ka umu a me ke kiln.

3. ʻO nā refractory alumini silicate e pili ana i nā refractory me SiO2-Al2O3 e like me ka mea nui.Wahi a ka Al2O3 maʻiʻo, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i semi siliceous (Al2O3 15 ~ 30%), pālolo (Al2O3 30 ~ 48%) a me alumina kiʻekiʻe (Al2O3 ʻoi aku ma mua o 48%).

4. ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka refractory e pili ana i nā huahana refractory me kahi ʻano i hoʻolei ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka pūʻulu ma ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e kekahi ʻano.

5. ʻO nā refractory neutral e pili ana i nā refractories ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hana me ka ʻakika a i ʻole ka alkaline slag i ka wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā refractory carbon a me chromium refractory.Hoʻopili kekahi i nā refractory alumina kiʻekiʻe i kēia ʻāpana.

6. ʻO nā refractories kūikawā he mau mea hou nonorganic nonmetallic i hoʻomohala ʻia ma ke kumu o nā seramika kuʻuna a me nā refractory maʻamau.

7. ʻO ka refractory amorphous kahi hui i haku ʻia me ka refractory aggregate, pauka, binder a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe i kekahi ʻāpana, hiki ke hoʻohana pololei a ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka wai kūpono.ʻO ka refractory unshaped kahi ʻano hou o ka refractory me ka ʻole o ka calcination, a ʻo kona kūpaʻa ahi ʻaʻole i emi ma lalo o 1580 ℃.

3、 He aha nā refractory i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia?

ʻO nā refractories maʻamau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e pili ana i ka silica brick, semi silica brick, lepo lepo, alumina kiʻekiʻe, pōhaku magnesia, etc.

ʻO nā mea kūikawā i hoʻohana pinepineʻia,ʻo ia ka AZS brick, corundum brick, pili pono i ka magnesium chromium brick, silicon carbide brick, silicon nitride bricked silicon carbide brick, nitride, silicide, sulfide, boride, carbide a me nā mea'ē aʻe non oxide refractories;Calcium oxide, chromium oxide, alumina, magnesium oxide, beryllium oxide a me nā mea refractory ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻana i ka wela a me nā mea refractory me nā huahana diatomite, nā huahana asbestos, ka papa insulation thermal, etc.

ʻO nā mea amorphous refractory i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia me nā mea hoʻoponopono i ka umu ahi, nā mea ramming pale ahi, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ahi, nā plastik pale ahi, ka lepo pale ahi, nā mea puhi ahi pale ahi, nā projectiles pale ahi, nā uhi pale ahi, ke ahi māmā. - nā castables kūʻokoʻa, ka lepo pū, nā valve seramika, etc.

4、 He aha nā waiwai kino o nā refractory?

ʻO nā waiwai kino o nā refractory e pili ana i nā waiwai kūkulu, nā waiwai wela, nā waiwai mechanical, nā waiwai lawelawe a me nā waiwai hana.

ʻO nā mea hoʻolālā o nā refractory e pili ana i ka porosity, ka nui o ka nui, ka lawe ʻana i ka wai, ka ea permeability, ka puʻupuʻu nui o ka pore, etc.

ʻO nā mea wela o nā refractory e pili ana i ka conductivity thermal, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ka wela kikoʻī, ka mana wela, ka conductivity thermal, ka emissivity thermal, etc.

ʻO nā waiwai mechanical o nā refractory e pili ana i ka ikaika compressive, ka ikaika tensile, ka ikaika flexural, ka ikaika torsional, ka ikaika shear, ka ikaika hopena, ka pale ʻana, ke kolo, ka ikaika paʻa, ka modulus elastic, etc.

ʻO ka hana lawelawe o nā refractory e pili ana i ke ahi, ka hoʻoluhi ʻana i ka wela, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka laina, ka pale ʻana i ka wela, ka pale ʻana, ka pale ʻana i ka waika, ke kūpaʻa alkali, ke kūpaʻa hydration, CO erosion resistance, conductivity, oxidation resistance, etc.

ʻO ka hana o nā mea refractory e pili ana i ka kūlike, slump, fluidity, plasticity, cohesiveness, resilience, coagulability, hardenability, etc.